[Rev 18] consists mostly of a dirge lamenting the fall of Babylon. As mentioned, this refers to the harlot church, which represents not only a vast religious organization but possibly the world's largest economic enterprise. It evidently controls the global market.
When "another angel" with "great authority ... comes down from heaven" to deliver the message, it is as if a light has been turned on. "The earth was illuminated with his glory."
When "another angel" with "great authority ... comes down from heaven" to deliver the message, it is as if a light has been turned on. "The earth was illuminated with his glory."
 | Author: William MacDonald Rank: Author Posted on: 2024-07-06 Source: Title: Commentary on the New Testament Year (original): 1989 Author: William MacDonald Number of pages: 1504 Publisher/Editor: CLV Print: GGP Media GmbH, Pößneck |
Come Out of Her, My People
[Verse 1]. After the presentation of Babylon as a woman (harlot) and the judgment on her, Babylon is presented in this chapter as a city and we also see the judgment on it. Babylon is presented as a religious system under the symbol of a woman. The aspect of ‘harlot’ connects to this her unfaithfulness to and apostasy from God. Under the symbol of a city Babylon is presented as a political, cultural and economic power and that’s what this chapter deals with.
With the words “after these things I saw another angel coming down from heaven” a new period is ushered in, which we from the words “after these things”, with the announcement of a new judgment by “another angel”. The impressiveness of his appearance is given added force by the addition “having great authority”. By the way, it seems that it is not just an angel. It may be that this angel is a hidden manifestation of the Lord Jesus, given the accompanying phenomena. Of whom else could it be said that his glory illumined the earth (cf. [Ezek 43:2])?
[Verse 2]. This verse describes the condition of Babylon after Babylon as a false church is robbed from her religious power [Rev 17:16] and both beasts are in charge of the ‘Christian’ Western world. The angel speaks with a powerful voice about the fall of Babylon. Everyone should know. With a repeated “fallen” the angel tells the world that the great, impressive Babylon is no longer standing, but has fallen from her pedestal.
The word ‘fallen’ indicates a sudden and instant fall and that it is once and for all (cf. [Isa 21:9]). She will never rise again. How great and rich she may have been, she has fallen. Nothing was able to prevent or stop her fall.
The perfect tense of the word ‘fallen’ shows the absolute assurance of the prophecy. The moment that John is watching this, there is nothing visible yet of a fall of Babylon. But to God, the future is present, or as here, even already happened, so past tense.
“Bird” here is called, as it happens more often, in an unfavorable sense [Matt 13:32]; [Isa 34:11-15]; [Jer 5:27]; [Dan 4:12]. The word for “dwelling” used here, appear only in Ephesians 2 once more where it refers to the dwelling of God in the Spirit [Eph 2:22]. Here it concerns the dwelling place of the spirit of the enemy of God. Besides a dwelling place it is also “a prison”. If the demons and all kinds of uncleanness have a dwelling place there, this system must be thoroughly evil. How evil it is, is further demonstrated in the next verse.
[Verse 3]. There is, as you have seen before, not only mention of religious harlotry, but there is also an economic connection with the world. Babylon is not only a false religious system, but it is also a great politic and economic power in the world. This enticed the nations to drink from the wine she offered. The wine is here associated with “passion” and “immorality”. It is the cunning deception of the harlot who pretends that trading with her gives benefit and joy, while in reality she has wicked intentions.
The nations failed to see through her treacherous purpose and have eagerly accepted the trade she offered. As a result, the leaders of the nations committed themselves to her in a reprehensible way. She did not disguise her nature of harlot, but the merchants gladly attached themselves to her. Great might emanated from her wealth. The merchants of the world have seen the big money in her and wanted to profit from it as much as possible.
Babylon (or Rome) has gained her wealth largely by offering for sale the redemption of the soul. Many billions have been paid to the roman-catholic church by people who believed that they could buy their beloved ones into heaven. Dave Hunt writes in his book ‘A woman Rides the Beast’ about many more scandals than the shameful distortions of the gospel that has deceived many hundreds of millions of people. He reports of corrupt financial transactions, money laundering from drug trafficking, trafficking with forged securities and cooperation with the mafia (documented in police reports) that for a long period of time have received their orders across the globe from the Vatican.
Also the value of the art treasures that are in the possession of Rome, cannot be estimated. The roman-catholic church is by far the richest institution of the world. And then to think that Christ and His disciples were living in poverty. Christ has told His disciples not to store up for themselves treasures on earth [Matt 6:19]. The roman-catholic church does not care about that, but it has stored up for itself a fullness of wealth which is unmatchable and over which the pope has the highest management and the greatest access.
[Verse 4]. This ungodly system which is corrupted to the very core can in no way be a dwelling place of God’s people. How kindly the pope or his subordinates may speak, those are voices from the abyss. To God’s people there comes a voice from heaven that calls to come out of this system. It is not possible to stay there without participating in her sins. Staying there also means participating in the plagues that will strike her. It is the last appeal in the Scripture to come out of what will soon be judged because the people have not given the Christ of the Scriptures His true place. The reason for coming out of her is to be a pure bride for the Lord.
Here every believer is reminded of the necessity to separate himself from every religious system that maintains an impure relationship with the wicked world. Literally the order to come out had come in the past to Judah, that was in exile in Babylon [Isa 48:20]; [Isa 52:11]; [Jer 50:8]; [Jer 51:6-9]. Separation from the evil has been necessary for the believers at all times and that will remain so, also after the rapture of the church, like here. For us it is about separation in a spiritual sense and specifically in three relations. We are called to separate ourselves from the world [2Cor 6:17], from Judaism that rejects Christ [Heb 13:13] and from the false Christians [2Tim 2:19-22].
In the time in which the fall of Babylon will take place, the church is already caught up to heaven. That does not mean that there will be no believers of the false church that will still exist. God’s people who are called here to come out of her, are believers who have repented after the rapture of the church by the sovereignty of God’s Spirit. But staying there is absolutely not possible. God cannot be there and He will judge the system. Even though a person may possibly have no part in the prevailing evil in that system, he will defile himself by staying there. That happens by staying in such a system, because it means contributing to the maintenance and in that way to the promotion of evil [2John 1:11].
[Verse 5]. The plagues that will strike the Vatican are so rightly deserved that it may be considered a miracle that God has tolerated it that long. But God judges only when the measure of unrighteousness has been completed (cf. [Gen 15:16]). In the case of the Vatican, with all her treasures obtained by shady practices, the judgment will come when her sins “have piled up as high as heaven”. ‘Have piled up’ literally means ‘glued together or cemented together like bricks in a building’. God remembers her iniquities when her sins have reached that height and that gravity. That does not mean that God has forgotten them for a while, but it means that He proceeds to act.
[Verse 6]. The double measure of payback is in accordance with her own double action. Her deeds were characterized by horrible wickedness. Her double action is shown therein that she pretended to be righteous and faithful, but she was unrighteous and unfaithful. She was hypocritical in every way. Her cup which she offered was therefore “the cup which she has mixed”. She mixed the truth with lies, benefit with greed. She presented heaven but she made it a financial source of profit. This very mixing makes her so hated by God. God hates every sin, but He especially hates sins that are committed under the appearance of Godliness.
[Verse 7]. With all her charms and calls to the world to treat one another peacefully, she has only been seeking to glorify herself. Whatever she has preached of the truth, its purpose was not the glorification of God but the glorification of herself. When the pope writes a book about Jesus, a book that is praised by theologians, even by orthodox theologians, it is a trick of satan. It strengthens the position of the pope even more.
He may theologically write many right things about Jesus, but if he does not condemn his position and the system that he represents, he has not written the whole truth of God about Jesus. He remains to go on with his luxurious life. If he stays there, he will receive the plagues and will share in the torment and mourning that will strike the Vatican. At the moment every thought of mourning is strange to him. After all, he expects to possess the world domination. In his heart he holds on to his position of government. He also holds on to his claim that the roman-catholic church is the bride of Christ. And what to say about the arrogance that he is called ‘substitute of Christ and shepherd over the whole church’.
[Verse 8]. “In one day her plagues will come”, fast and inevitable. The ten kings will give her a devastating blow in full force, for they are used by God for this judgment, as you have seen at the end of the previous chapter. Nothing can soften the judgment that strikes her. It will be merciless, without compassion. She has to do with the Ruler of the universe, with the almighty God under Whose avenging hand all her pretense turns into “pestilence and mourning and famine”. She gave the impression that she could give life, happiness and saturation in exchange for money and goods. Now she receives what she has done to numerous defenseless victims. She has fallen through the mighty Lord and God against Whom every thought of resistance is plainly ridiculous.
In His glory and excellence He throws this widow down, whereby He uses the means which He in His sovereignty chooses for that purpose as the most suitable. Through the use of this means, namely the ten kings, the plagues come over her in the most terrible way. She had never expected that the beast on which she was riding, would turn itself against her. But the political, economic and cultural power of Babylon will be judged in a way according to God’s will. Therefore it is a definite judgment. She will “be burned up with fire”. There will be nothing left of her on earth than her ashes. It will be impossible for her to rise up again from the ashes, for her everlasting fate is the eternal fire in which she will end up and which will rule over her forever and ever.
[Verse 9]. The ten kings that were ruled by Rome, but which turned against her and through whom God judged her, are not the only kings. There are also “kings of the earth” who have particularly profited from her. They have had intimate relationships with her and have bathed in the wealth it brought. Because of the judgment on Babylon all that falls away. That saddens them greatly.
It is not a sadness because of what happened to her, but because of what they have lost by it. The kings see the judgment, but they have no compassion with her. Their selfishness is the cause of the tears over their cheeks and of their lamentation. When they “see the smoke of her burning”, they realize it is over and done.
[Verse 10]. The kings do not try to help her, but they remain at a distance. Besides the selfish sorrow there is also fear, for they notice that the city is being tormented. They stay away from her. They rather stand “at a distance”, than go and see what is left of Babylon. They can see from a distance that nothing is left of that great, mighty, economic stronghold. The fierceness, the speed and the suddenness of the judgment that has struck her, makes clear to them that a greater power is at work.
With the words “after these things I saw another angel coming down from heaven” a new period is ushered in, which we from the words “after these things”, with the announcement of a new judgment by “another angel”. The impressiveness of his appearance is given added force by the addition “having great authority”. By the way, it seems that it is not just an angel. It may be that this angel is a hidden manifestation of the Lord Jesus, given the accompanying phenomena. Of whom else could it be said that his glory illumined the earth (cf. [Ezek 43:2])?
[Verse 2]. This verse describes the condition of Babylon after Babylon as a false church is robbed from her religious power [Rev 17:16] and both beasts are in charge of the ‘Christian’ Western world. The angel speaks with a powerful voice about the fall of Babylon. Everyone should know. With a repeated “fallen” the angel tells the world that the great, impressive Babylon is no longer standing, but has fallen from her pedestal.
The word ‘fallen’ indicates a sudden and instant fall and that it is once and for all (cf. [Isa 21:9]). She will never rise again. How great and rich she may have been, she has fallen. Nothing was able to prevent or stop her fall.
The perfect tense of the word ‘fallen’ shows the absolute assurance of the prophecy. The moment that John is watching this, there is nothing visible yet of a fall of Babylon. But to God, the future is present, or as here, even already happened, so past tense.
“Bird” here is called, as it happens more often, in an unfavorable sense [Matt 13:32]; [Isa 34:11-15]; [Jer 5:27]; [Dan 4:12]. The word for “dwelling” used here, appear only in Ephesians 2 once more where it refers to the dwelling of God in the Spirit [Eph 2:22]. Here it concerns the dwelling place of the spirit of the enemy of God. Besides a dwelling place it is also “a prison”. If the demons and all kinds of uncleanness have a dwelling place there, this system must be thoroughly evil. How evil it is, is further demonstrated in the next verse.
[Verse 3]. There is, as you have seen before, not only mention of religious harlotry, but there is also an economic connection with the world. Babylon is not only a false religious system, but it is also a great politic and economic power in the world. This enticed the nations to drink from the wine she offered. The wine is here associated with “passion” and “immorality”. It is the cunning deception of the harlot who pretends that trading with her gives benefit and joy, while in reality she has wicked intentions.
The nations failed to see through her treacherous purpose and have eagerly accepted the trade she offered. As a result, the leaders of the nations committed themselves to her in a reprehensible way. She did not disguise her nature of harlot, but the merchants gladly attached themselves to her. Great might emanated from her wealth. The merchants of the world have seen the big money in her and wanted to profit from it as much as possible.
Babylon (or Rome) has gained her wealth largely by offering for sale the redemption of the soul. Many billions have been paid to the roman-catholic church by people who believed that they could buy their beloved ones into heaven. Dave Hunt writes in his book ‘A woman Rides the Beast’ about many more scandals than the shameful distortions of the gospel that has deceived many hundreds of millions of people. He reports of corrupt financial transactions, money laundering from drug trafficking, trafficking with forged securities and cooperation with the mafia (documented in police reports) that for a long period of time have received their orders across the globe from the Vatican.
Also the value of the art treasures that are in the possession of Rome, cannot be estimated. The roman-catholic church is by far the richest institution of the world. And then to think that Christ and His disciples were living in poverty. Christ has told His disciples not to store up for themselves treasures on earth [Matt 6:19]. The roman-catholic church does not care about that, but it has stored up for itself a fullness of wealth which is unmatchable and over which the pope has the highest management and the greatest access.
[Verse 4]. This ungodly system which is corrupted to the very core can in no way be a dwelling place of God’s people. How kindly the pope or his subordinates may speak, those are voices from the abyss. To God’s people there comes a voice from heaven that calls to come out of this system. It is not possible to stay there without participating in her sins. Staying there also means participating in the plagues that will strike her. It is the last appeal in the Scripture to come out of what will soon be judged because the people have not given the Christ of the Scriptures His true place. The reason for coming out of her is to be a pure bride for the Lord.
Here every believer is reminded of the necessity to separate himself from every religious system that maintains an impure relationship with the wicked world. Literally the order to come out had come in the past to Judah, that was in exile in Babylon [Isa 48:20]; [Isa 52:11]; [Jer 50:8]; [Jer 51:6-9]. Separation from the evil has been necessary for the believers at all times and that will remain so, also after the rapture of the church, like here. For us it is about separation in a spiritual sense and specifically in three relations. We are called to separate ourselves from the world [2Cor 6:17], from Judaism that rejects Christ [Heb 13:13] and from the false Christians [2Tim 2:19-22].
In the time in which the fall of Babylon will take place, the church is already caught up to heaven. That does not mean that there will be no believers of the false church that will still exist. God’s people who are called here to come out of her, are believers who have repented after the rapture of the church by the sovereignty of God’s Spirit. But staying there is absolutely not possible. God cannot be there and He will judge the system. Even though a person may possibly have no part in the prevailing evil in that system, he will defile himself by staying there. That happens by staying in such a system, because it means contributing to the maintenance and in that way to the promotion of evil [2John 1:11].
[Verse 5]. The plagues that will strike the Vatican are so rightly deserved that it may be considered a miracle that God has tolerated it that long. But God judges only when the measure of unrighteousness has been completed (cf. [Gen 15:16]). In the case of the Vatican, with all her treasures obtained by shady practices, the judgment will come when her sins “have piled up as high as heaven”. ‘Have piled up’ literally means ‘glued together or cemented together like bricks in a building’. God remembers her iniquities when her sins have reached that height and that gravity. That does not mean that God has forgotten them for a while, but it means that He proceeds to act.
[Verse 6]. The double measure of payback is in accordance with her own double action. Her deeds were characterized by horrible wickedness. Her double action is shown therein that she pretended to be righteous and faithful, but she was unrighteous and unfaithful. She was hypocritical in every way. Her cup which she offered was therefore “the cup which she has mixed”. She mixed the truth with lies, benefit with greed. She presented heaven but she made it a financial source of profit. This very mixing makes her so hated by God. God hates every sin, but He especially hates sins that are committed under the appearance of Godliness.
[Verse 7]. With all her charms and calls to the world to treat one another peacefully, she has only been seeking to glorify herself. Whatever she has preached of the truth, its purpose was not the glorification of God but the glorification of herself. When the pope writes a book about Jesus, a book that is praised by theologians, even by orthodox theologians, it is a trick of satan. It strengthens the position of the pope even more.
He may theologically write many right things about Jesus, but if he does not condemn his position and the system that he represents, he has not written the whole truth of God about Jesus. He remains to go on with his luxurious life. If he stays there, he will receive the plagues and will share in the torment and mourning that will strike the Vatican. At the moment every thought of mourning is strange to him. After all, he expects to possess the world domination. In his heart he holds on to his position of government. He also holds on to his claim that the roman-catholic church is the bride of Christ. And what to say about the arrogance that he is called ‘substitute of Christ and shepherd over the whole church’.
[Verse 8]. “In one day her plagues will come”, fast and inevitable. The ten kings will give her a devastating blow in full force, for they are used by God for this judgment, as you have seen at the end of the previous chapter. Nothing can soften the judgment that strikes her. It will be merciless, without compassion. She has to do with the Ruler of the universe, with the almighty God under Whose avenging hand all her pretense turns into “pestilence and mourning and famine”. She gave the impression that she could give life, happiness and saturation in exchange for money and goods. Now she receives what she has done to numerous defenseless victims. She has fallen through the mighty Lord and God against Whom every thought of resistance is plainly ridiculous.
In His glory and excellence He throws this widow down, whereby He uses the means which He in His sovereignty chooses for that purpose as the most suitable. Through the use of this means, namely the ten kings, the plagues come over her in the most terrible way. She had never expected that the beast on which she was riding, would turn itself against her. But the political, economic and cultural power of Babylon will be judged in a way according to God’s will. Therefore it is a definite judgment. She will “be burned up with fire”. There will be nothing left of her on earth than her ashes. It will be impossible for her to rise up again from the ashes, for her everlasting fate is the eternal fire in which she will end up and which will rule over her forever and ever.
[Verse 9]. The ten kings that were ruled by Rome, but which turned against her and through whom God judged her, are not the only kings. There are also “kings of the earth” who have particularly profited from her. They have had intimate relationships with her and have bathed in the wealth it brought. Because of the judgment on Babylon all that falls away. That saddens them greatly.
It is not a sadness because of what happened to her, but because of what they have lost by it. The kings see the judgment, but they have no compassion with her. Their selfishness is the cause of the tears over their cheeks and of their lamentation. When they “see the smoke of her burning”, they realize it is over and done.
[Verse 10]. The kings do not try to help her, but they remain at a distance. Besides the selfish sorrow there is also fear, for they notice that the city is being tormented. They stay away from her. They rather stand “at a distance”, than go and see what is left of Babylon. They can see from a distance that nothing is left of that great, mighty, economic stronghold. The fierceness, the speed and the suddenness of the judgment that has struck her, makes clear to them that a greater power is at work.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 1-10
1 And after these things I saw another angel come down from heaven, having great power; and the earth was lightened with his glory. 2 And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird. 3 For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies. 4 And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues. 5 For her sins have reached unto heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities. 6 Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her works: in the cup which she hath filled fill to her double. 7 How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow. 8 Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong [is] the Lord God who judgeth her. 9 And the kings of the earth, who have committed fornication and lived deliciously with her, shall bewail her, and lament for her, when they shall see the smoke of her burning, 10 Standing afar off for the fear of her torment, saying, Alas, alas, that great city Babylon, that mighty city! for in one hour is thy judgment come.
 | Author: Ger de Koning Rank: Author Posted on: 2024-02-18 Source: Title: Revelation Author: Ger de Koning |
The downfall and destruction of the mystical Babylon are determined in the counsels of God. Another angel comes from heaven. This seems to be Christ himself, coming to destroy his enemies, and to shed abroad the light of his gospel through all nations. The wickedness of this Babylon was very great; she had forsaken the true God, and set up idols, and had drawn all sorts of men into spiritual adultery, and by her wealth and luxury kept them in her interest. The spiritual merchandise, by which multitudes have wickedly lived in wealth, by the sins and follies of mankind, seems principally intended. Fair warning is given to all that expect mercy from God, that they should not only come out of this Babylon, but assist in her destruction. God may have a people even in Babylon. But God’s people shall be called out of Babylon, and called effectually, while those that partake with wicked men in their sins, must receive of their plagues.
Verses that belong to this explanation: 1-8
1 And after these things I saw another angel come down from heaven, having great power; and the earth was lightened with his glory. 2 And he cried mightily with a strong voice, saying, Babylon the great is fallen, is fallen, and is become the habitation of devils, and the hold of every foul spirit, and a cage of every unclean and hateful bird. 3 For all nations have drunk of the wine of the wrath of her fornication, and the kings of the earth have committed fornication with her, and the merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the abundance of her delicacies. 4 And I heard another voice from heaven, saying, Come out of her, my people, that ye be not partakers of her sins, and that ye receive not of her plagues. 5 For her sins have reached unto heaven, and God hath remembered her iniquities. 6 Reward her even as she rewarded you, and double unto her double according to her works: in the cup which she hath filled fill to her double. 7 How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow. 8 Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong [is] the Lord God who judgeth her.
 | Author: Matthew Henry Rank: Priest AD: 1714 Source: Title: Matthew Henry's Concise Commentary on the Whole Bible Author: Matthew Henry |
“I saw another angel coming down from heaven, having great authority, and the earth was illuminated with his glory!”
We cannot say that in the days of the Antichrist an angel actually appears and shouts calling for what we are going to hear next. But it is an indication of the interest of heaven - even those of high ranks and of great authority - to see the destruction of Babylon, the great city.
Probably he means by this angel, Isaiah the prophet who had previously proclaimed, by the heavenly spirit of prophecy, saying, “Babylon is fallen, is fallen! And all the carved images of her gods, has broken to the ground. Oh, my threshing and the grain of my floor! That which I have heard from the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, I have declared to you” [Isa 21:9-10]. Thus what the God of the Church and Lord of hosts proclaims was heard by the prophet Isaiah. And now the Apostle hears it pronounced by a heavenly angel from a high hierarchy, shouting with what the Lord Himself had said.
Probably he means by this angel, Isaiah the prophet who had previously proclaimed, by the heavenly spirit of prophecy, saying, “Babylon is fallen, is fallen! And all the carved images of her gods, has broken to the ground. Oh, my threshing and the grain of my floor! That which I have heard from the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel, I have declared to you” [Isa 21:9-10]. Thus what the God of the Church and Lord of hosts proclaims was heard by the prophet Isaiah. And now the Apostle hears it pronounced by a heavenly angel from a high hierarchy, shouting with what the Lord Himself had said.
 | Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2023-01-16 Source: Title: The book of Revelation Year (original): 1996 Author: Fr. Tadros Yacoub Malaty Number of pages: 257 Publisher/Editor: St. George's Coptic Orthodox Church, Sporting, Alexandria Print: Anba Reuis Press, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt Translation: Victoria and Ramzy Malaty |
“After these things,”
means after seeing the harlot, Babylon, or the people who deviated and followed the Antichrist together with their leaders, the abducting wolves who obstinate God. After that he returns to talk again about that woman who sits on the beast, who is marked by the art of seduction and deception.
This talk is symbolic and metaphoric. It reveals a certain spiritual thought, concerning the angel of the kingdom of the Antichrist and the decline of his work. It is wrong to take what is mentioned in this chapter verbally, for this will lead to losing the aim of the book and distortion of its sublime meaning.
This talk is symbolic and metaphoric. It reveals a certain spiritual thought, concerning the angel of the kingdom of the Antichrist and the decline of his work. It is wrong to take what is mentioned in this chapter verbally, for this will lead to losing the aim of the book and distortion of its sublime meaning.
| Author: Tadros Yacoub Malaty Rank: Monk Posted on: 2023-01-16 Source: Title: The book of Revelation Year (original): 1996 Author: Fr. Tadros Yacoub Malaty Number of pages: 257 Publisher/Editor: St. George's Coptic Orthodox Church, Sporting, Alexandria Print: Anba Reuis Press, Abassia, Cairo, Egypt Translation: Victoria and Ramzy Malaty |
The listed verse explanations of the individual persons have nothing to do with the explanations of the other persons. This also applies to the Bible translations.
